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Double- and single-differential cross sections for inclusive charged-current ${\nu }_{\mu }$-nucleus scattering are reported for the kinematic domain 0 to $2\mathrm{GeV}/c$in three-momentum transfer and 0 to 2 GeV in available energy, at a mean ${\nu }_{\mu }$energy of 1.86 GeV. The measurements are based on an estimated 995,760 ${\nu }_{\mu }$charged-current (CC) interactions in the scintillator medium of the NOvA Near Detector. The subdomain populated by 2-particle-2-hole (2p2h) reactions is identified by the cross section excess relative to predictions for ${\nu }_{\mu }$-nucleus scattering that are constrained by a data control sample. Models for 2-particle-2-hole processes are rated by ${\chi }^2$comparisons of the predicted-versus-measured ${\nu }_{\mu }$CC inclusive cross section over the full phase space and in the restricted subdomain. Shortfalls are observed in neutrino generator predictions obtained using the theory-based València and SuSAv2 2p2h models. Published by the American Physical Society2025 

We report a search for neutrino oscillations to sterile neutrinos under a model with three active and one sterile neutrinos ( $3+1$model). This analysis uses the NOvA detectors exposed to the NuMI beam, running in neutrino mode. The data exposure, $13.6\times {10}^{20}$protons on target, doubles that previously analyzed by NOvA, and the analysis is the first to use ${\nu }_{\mu }$charged-current interactions in conjunction with neutral-current interactions. Neutrino samples in the near and far detectors are fitted simultaneously, enabling the search to be carried out over a $\mathrm{\Delta }{m}_{41}^2$range extending 2 (3) orders of magnitude above (below) $1{\mathrm{eV}}^2$. NOvA finds no evidence for active-to-sterile neutrino oscillations under the $3+1$model at 90% confidence level. New limits are reported in multiple regions of parameter space, excluding some regions currently allowed by IceCube at 90% confidence level. We additionally set the most stringent limits for anomalous ${\nu }_{\tau }$appearance for $\mathrm{\Delta }{m}_{41}^2\le 3{\mathrm{eV}}^2$. Published by the American Physical Society2025 

This Letter reports a search for charge-parity ( $CP$) symmetry violating nonstandard interactions (NSI) of neutrinos with matter using the NOvA Experiment, and examines their effects on the determination of the standard oscillation parameters. Data from ${\nu }_{\mu }\left({\overline{\nu }}_{\mu }\right)\to {\nu }_{\mu }\left({\overline{\nu }}_{\mu }\right)$and ${\nu }_{\mu }\left({\overline{\nu }}_{\mu }\right)\to {\nu }_e\left({\overline{\nu }}_e\right)$oscillation channels are used to measure the effect of the NSI parameters ${ϵ}_{e\mu }$and ${ϵ}_{e\tau }$. With 90% CL the magnitudes of the NSI couplings are constrained to be $\left|{ϵ}_{e\mu }\right|\lesssim 0.3$and $\left|{ϵ}_{e\tau }\right|\lesssim 0.4$. A degeneracy at $\left|{ϵ}_{e\tau }\right|\approx 1.8$is reported, and we observe that the presence of NSI limits sensitivity to the standard $CP$phase ${\delta }_{CP}$. Published by the American Physical Society2024 

Abstract Despite the f₀(980) hadron having been discovered half a century ago, the question about its quark content has not been settled: it might be an ordinary quark-antiquark ($${{\rm{q}}}\overline{{{\rm{q}}}}$$ $q\overline{q}$) meson, a tetraquark ($${{\rm{q}}}\overline{{{\rm{q}}}}{{\rm{q}}}\overline{{{\rm{q}}}}$$ $q\overline{q}q\overline{q}$) exotic state, a kaon-antikaon ($${{\rm{K}}}\overline{{{\rm{K}}}}$$ $K\overline{K}$) molecule, or a quark-antiquark-gluon ($${{\rm{q}}}\overline{{{\rm{q}}}}{{\rm{g}}}$$ $q\overline{q}g$) hybrid. This paper reports strong evidence that the f₀(980) state is an ordinary$${{\rm{q}}}\overline{{{\rm{q}}}}$$ $q\overline{q}$meson, inferred from the scaling of elliptic anisotropies (v₂) with the number of constituent quarks (n_q), as empirically established using conventional hadrons in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The f₀(980) state is reconstructed via its dominant decay channel f₀(980) →π⁺π⁻, in proton-lead collisions recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, and itsv₂is measured as a function of transverse momentum (p_T). It is found that then_q= 2 ($${{\rm{q}}}\overline{{{\rm{q}}}}$$ $q\overline{q}$state) hypothesis is favored overn_q= 4 ($${{\rm{q}}}\overline{{{\rm{q}}}}{{\rm{q}}}\overline{{{\rm{q}}}}$$ $q\overline{q}q\overline{q}$or$${{\rm{K}}}\overline{{{\rm{K}}}}$$ $K\overline{K}$states) by 7.7, 6.3, or 3.1 standard deviations in thep_T< 10, 8, or 6 GeV/cranges, respectively, and overn_q= 3 ($${{\rm{q}}}\overline{{{\rm{q}}}}{{\rm{g}}}$$ $q\overline{q}g$hybrid state) by 3.5 standard deviations in thep_T< 8 GeV/crange. This result represents the first determination of the quark content of the f₀(980) state, made possible by using a novel approach, and paves the way for similar studies of other exotic hadron candidates. 

A first search for beyond the standard model physics in jet multiplicity patterns of multilepton events is presented, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $138{\mathrm{fb}}^{-1}$of 13 TeV proton-proton collisions recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC. The search uses observed jet multiplicity distributions in one-, two-, and four-lepton events to explore possible enhancements in jet production rate in three-lepton events with and without bottom quarks. The data are found to be consistent with the standard model expectation. The results are interpreted in terms of supersymmetric production of electroweak chargino-neutralino superpartners with cascade decays terminating in prompt hadronic $R$-parity violating interactions. 

Abstract The XLZD collaboration is developing a two-phase xenon time projection chamber with an active mass of 60–80 t capable of probing the remaining weakly interacting massive particle-nucleon interaction parameter space down to the so-called neutrino fog. In this work we show that, based on the performance of currently operating detectors using the same technology and a realistic reduction of radioactivity in detector materials, such an experiment will also be able to competitively search for neutrinoless double beta decay in¹³⁶Xe using a natural-abundance xenon target. XLZD can reach a 3σdiscovery potential half-life of 5.7 × 10²⁷years (and a 90% CL exclusion of 1.3 × 10²⁸years) with 10 years of data taking, corresponding to a Majorana mass range of 7.3–31.3 meV (4.8–20.5 meV). XLZD will thus exclude the inverted neutrino mass ordering parameter space and will start to probe the normal ordering region for most of the nuclear matrix elements commonly considered by the community. 

NOvA is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment that measures oscillations in charged-current ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_{\mu }$(disappearance) and ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_e$(appearance) channels, and their antineutrino counterparts, using neutrinos of energies around 2 GeV over a distance of 810 km. In this work we reanalyze the dataset first examined in our previous paper [] using an alternative statistical approach based on Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo. We measure oscillation parameters consistent with the previous results. We also extend our inferences to include the first NOvA measurements of the reactor mixing angle ${\theta }_{13}$, where we find $0.071\le {\sin }^{2}2{\theta }_{13}\le 0.107$, and the Jarlskog invariant, where we observe no significant preference for the $CP$-conserving value $J=0$over values favoring $CP$violation. We use these results to examine the effects of constraints from short-baseline measurements of ${\theta }_{13}$using antineutrinos from nuclear reactors when making NOvA measurements of ${\theta }_{23}$. Our long-baseline measurement of ${\theta }_{13}$is shown to be consistent with the reactor measurements, supporting the general applicability and robustness of the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata framework for neutrino oscillations. Published by the American Physical Society2024 

A search for the rare decay $D^0\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$is reported using proton-proton collision events at $\sqrt{s}=13.6\mathrm{TeV}$collected by the CMS detector in 2022–2023, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $64.5{\mathrm{fb}}^{-1}$. This is the first analysis to use a newly developed inclusive dimuon trigger, expanding the scope of the CMS flavor physics program. The search uses $D^0$mesons obtained from $D^{*+}\to D^0{\pi }^{+}$decays. No significant excess is observed. A limit on the branching fraction of $\mathcal{B}(D^0\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-})<2.4\times {10}^{-9}$at 95% confidence level is set. This is the most stringent upper limit set on any flavor changing neutral current decay in the charm sector.